Polyphase controlling device



E. l. DEUTSCH. PULYPHASE CONTROLLING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 9,1917. PENEWED APR.7.1921.

1,425,755, PntedAug. 15, 1922.

g UNITED STATES PATENT eprice.

MANUFACTURING COMPANY, or DELAWARE.

'MIL'ili/AUKEE UUSCONSIN, CORPORATION OF POLYPHASE CONTROLLNG DEVICE, f

l as particular relation to such apparatus as is operatively responsiveto any one or" a plurality of abnormal operatingconditions in thecircuit with Wiich the apparatus is associated. i

ln the operations ot polyphase electricaly apparatus, such asinotors,'e`specially Where used ior driving elevators, 1t is verydesirable to provide, in addition to the'ordinary low voltage controltor the apparatus, an`

automatic device 'for stopping or controlling theinotor on theoccurrenceolf suoli change in the phase relations ot the polyphasecircuit supplying the inotor as might have a harmful ei'ilect on theoperation ofthe niotor,

such as causing its operation in the Wrongv direction. rThe siinplestprior installation of this general character has involved vthe use oitivo se'iaratecontrolling devices, one a low-voltage controlling device,and the other a device operative in response to a change in the phaserelations ot the polypliasef supply circuit.

In accordance With the present invention, a singleelectroinagneticaily-operated controlli g device is provided `for use inconnection ivith polyphasc circuits, the design and ronstruction oi thisdevice being such that it is operative to produce a desired. controllingeiii'ect not only in response to a low-voltage condition but also inresponse to a condition ot' phase reversal ot the circuit with which thedevice is associated.

it is an object ot the present invention to provide anelectroinagnetically-operated device toi-ruse in connection Withpolyphase alternating current circuits which is of sirnple and improvedconstruction and design and operative on the occurence of anyone ot' i.plurality oit :ibnorinal conditions on the polypliase ciri uit withwhich the devi-ce is associated.

lt is a iurther object of tl yinvention to provide an improvedelcctroniagneticaily- Specification of Letters Patent. Patgnted Aug- 15,1922. Application filed May 9, 1917, Serial No. 157,82?. Renewed April7, 1921.

Serial` No. 459,311.

operated controlling device tor polyphase alternating current circuitsembodying an eleetroinagnet comprising relatively movable parts andenergized by polyphase alternating current,`and wherein effectiveoperation is in response to either low voltage or phase reversalconditions ofthe energizing circuit.

These and other objects are attained by this invention, the variousnovel features oi Which Will appear from the description and drawings,disclosing one embodiment of such invention, andvill be'partioularlypointedy out in the claims.

` In the accompanying drawings Fig. l is a diagrammatic vieiv ot apolyphase alternating current system including a polypliase inotor, thesupply circuit tor the inotor being provided with controlling apparatuscomprising an electroniagnet einbodying features of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic vieiv illustrative of: the normal connectionsbetween the polyphase supply circuit and the polyphase energ-icingwindings oi the electroinagnet oi Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustra-tive oi the current relations inthe electromagnet of Fig. l. y

Figs. Il, 5 and 6 are diagrammaticviews illustrative of abnormalconnect-ions between the polyphase supply circuit and energizing coilsot the elei'ztroniagnet of Fig. l. .i

llig. i" is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the normal llui:relations in the core ot the electromagnetic device ot F l, oonsideredespeciallj7 as to a point at* the center oil the surface oi' engagementbetween that end ol, the Vpivoted armature which is remote 'troni theaxis ot the armature and the co-oliierative polar portion of' therelatively stationary core.

Fig. 3 is a diagralnn'iatic showing of the normal flux paths through theelectromagnetic device otllig. l..

is shown in Fig. l of the accoinpai'iying drawings, a polyphase circuita, Z), c supplies the brauch circuit B ot a translating device, such themotor M having leads ai, y, e, connected. to the conductors u, Z), c,respectively, when the connectionsbetweenv the motor and the supplycircuit are norinal. rthe circuit B may be provided with fuses lil,indicated. ifi controlling device C oit any ordinary or Suitable designis located in the branch circuit at some pointbetween the supply circuitn, 7;, c, and the motor leads sa, y, ln the enibodii'i'ient illustrated,the controller C is in the 'l'orni ol' a. switch haringl a triplelpi'ilecircuit-- closing element iii mounted on un operating` rod l2. Thiscircuit controller is normallyY biased to circuit-open position by asuitable spring 13 acting` on links lll and l5 which are pivotallycoiniected together, the link being` connected to the rod l2 and thelink lf3 being connected to a lined pii'ot, as indicated at lll, andoperable by a. handle i7. The tendency ot the spring 'i3 to torce upwardthe pivotal connectimi hetween the links ist and and tuus d raw theswitch S to the left to open position. V der normal operating;conditions ol the ino tor lvl, the switch Si retained in -cl feedposition by the engagement of a projectien on the linijc l5 With ashoulder at the ond oi the arm .i9 et a latch. L pivotalljf mounted on alined pivot, as indicated at 2i.. r l1i his latch is retained inlocltingposition to hold the switch ci closed, by a spring; Zl fixed atone end and connected at the other end to the arm i9 ot the latch.iuitablc stops may be `provided 'tor limiting.l the movement of thelatch to that desired. rl`he latch may be i'nov'ided with an arm 2lcarrying` a linger piece at its end whereby the latch may he manuali)7released, iil' such operation is desirahle.

Thilo the controller illustrated is ot siniple form, being an ordinari7,Luf'itcl'i or cir cuit-breaker, as indicated, it Ywill be oir-.ions

that any suitable control means magi,v he milistituted 'for that shown.This conti liei may he in the torni oit the ordinary siertlngcompensator or potential stafter used with polyphase motors, and thelatch nay be eilective to hold the starter in running` position or torelease the si ne A'roui such position, under which conditions a springother means may be c'llectiie to return the starter to oil position.

lt has been customaryT to provide :in auxiliaij,T device loraccomplishingr the automatic release oit the holding latch 'L on theoccinfrcnce oilt predetorniined alnwrinal. cirN cuit conditionsii. .lnthe majority7 oi casos a low-voltage responsive magnet is a necessaryil'eature ot the controller, also, in many instances, it required thatthe controller be automatica]l),v eleased on phase reversal o'i thecircuit.

The present invention includes t vision ol' a unitari7 electron'ia iactuated device Which is ellcctive t\ t i i latch L on the occlirreneeoi either l '\f*oltage or phase revf'ersal ot the Thiselectroinaignoti() device l?. compris-es a core preferably stationary,aud a pivoted armature 2G, the latter bein priv considerable l lo p i. rg' it-icallvc ri point located to one side olf a vertical line throughthe center oit gravity oit the ail-nur ture when in attracted position,as indicatiffd at 27'. As 'will be apparent, when the ,manlnctic circuitol the magnet is su'llioientl'v cuergized, the armature is retained iiiuttractei'l position. as incicateifl; and, under conditions oilinsuilicient energiiiation, they arnuiture is perniitteifl t1,- drop dueto the action oil gravity. Mounted on the core and arrangbd side by sidethereon polyphase energizing windings 28, 2) are shown, the terminal 3let the Vwinding,v 2k3 bit-.in g connected to the lead :if ol the nio-torhl., the load oit the \'\.'inding1j 2&3 and the leed ,vl-lo'lt thewhirling Q9 being); electrically con nected together and to the lead fi/oit the motor, and the lead oit the whirling 2.) being comiecteifl tothe lead ol" the meter. its Will he apparent trom the connectionsindietued, these enerifizingr coils 28,. 2) are connectoifl in open d tothe suppb7 circuit ol the motor, a pernninoni, connection with the leadsfr, y, lt is also up pare t that the coils 9?, 25) nur; be o; j Wound,the dir lion olE \.Vindin i, coil being; oppo to that olf cnil fjt sothat il? a current mf-.re pirfsed through coils '1251, and 29 in series,the nnnfjuetic c'lli'ecis produced in the ci, 'o world liesuhstunliali'i' equal and opp( i @t course, the u til itiY and ordinariYope ation ot a lon' oltapge i'fflipoiisivr dciico cus-1- tomai'il)Yusi... ion with coiittolliug apparatus olf the character described aber:is readily ap@ arent. lt otten happeiuH hoi".- over, csiicciall),-a'liler repairs to the ino.-

r or other trrr to. n device` or the over-- 'y i annng; cli theemuroller or the winmections to the supply circuit, or eren alte;-replacing' :i 'ouplc o l tunes in the brauch circuit, that ot circuit'oiuiertions are :i tercer; ed. rThis accident l isinp; one phase ot hei, i el :i motor. causln tion thereof in arcverse dire( "in, anaci'fideut1 specially where the motor used 'tor elevator service. unixYhare im trous consci,uenreer. lien-ie thix neces@ p feventiug; operationo'lE the lranslati rice alter aniY such )linee reversal.

llt will. he apparel that when encrgriy i- :lirom the three-phase supplycircuit o. Y throuffli the brauch circ lit VB. in ener ing rulings 28.2li, connected in opens as indicated in Figs. l and 2, are ell'ectivc toproduce :i three-phallix flux iu the core 23 ol the electromanguet. Vinaccordance with inif'ention, the construction and design ol the core,armature and energizing mnding are such that three-phase magnetic Hindsare produced in the magnet core. (lne ot fr @mornl i l tin 'liuxes isdue` to current in coil ai 'oss plint-:e /i-n-v-/n another is due tocurrent in coil QS) across phase lil) ile-#f1 :Mul 1.250

the third flux is due to current in the coils 2S and 29 in series acrossphasec-cythis latter currentv being equivalent toa result-` ant of theother two currents and displaced 18() degrees from normal position so'as to be s paced l2() degrees from each of the other two currents. Thatthree such currents are present in an arrangement of opendelt-aconnected transformer windings'will be readily apparent. lere it not forthe fact that one coil is reversed with respect to the other, thesethree currents would producev in the core three fluxes 120 degrecsapart; however, with one coil reversed, the fluir due thereto isreversed Thus, there are present in the core three fluxes spaced apart60 degrees In any case, the resultant flux is effective to hold thearmature 26 in attracted position when the voltage on the circuit towhich the windings are connected is normal, or above a certain minimumvalue. When the voltage appliedto the terminals of the energizingwindings 28, 29, or the'motor terminals to which the energizing windingsare connected, is below that minimum value, the resultant flux in themagnet is ineffective to hold the armature 26 in position; and this isalso the case when, even through normal voltage is applied to theterminals of the energizing coils, there is a reversal of one phase ofthe current supplied to the energizing winding'. Under either of theseconditions, the armature 26 is released and, acting as a hammer,forcibly engages au anvil-like extension-37 on thefarm 24 ofl the latchL, causing such actuationy of the latter as permits the controllingdevice to move to circuit-open posit-ion.v y

F ig. 2 is a diagrammatic showing of the normal connections between thesupply circuit a, o, c and the energizingwindings 2S,V 29, that is,those present when the motor lil is operating in the desired direction.With the connections indicated here, there is supplied to the energizingwindings 28, 29 of the electromagnet threesphase currents 129 degreesapart and having a maximum value proportionate to the voltage on thecircuit. The relations betweenthese currents is indicated in 3, wherea-Z) represents the current in coil 29 due tothe potential drop acrossconductors a and b, ZJ-c represents the current in coil 29 due to thepotential drop across conductors o and c, and L -c repre-- sents thecurrent inthe coils 28 and 29 due to the potential drop acrossconductors a` and cA However, these linesc-, a--c and Zi-c of Fig. 3 donot represent current mag nitiide, but rather only relative angulardirec- (1X-(l) 29, due to current of O and' 860". Likewise, the valuesofthe fluxes due tothese currents will be in the same proportion as thecurrents producing the fluxes, and the resultant flux at any point ofthe magnet core maybe obtained by adding the individual fluxesif'ectorially.

'F ig. 7 ymay be considered as a diagrammatic showing of the fluxconditions present at a certain point in the core of the eleotromagnet,this point being' designated X in Fig. 8, and may be considered aspractically any point inthe plaine of engagement a position 180 degreestherefrom, because ofv theL fact that vthe direction of the current flowis reversedin the winding 28and A-G as flux kproduced by current in thecoils 28 and 29 due to` current in ythe phase a-c,

this latter current being due to thetrans` former effect of the coils 28and29 ofthe electromagnet. From va consideration of Fig. 8, showing thenormal linx paths in the relectromagnetic device, it will be apMV parentthat the flux A--C` due to current of the phase a-c inthe winding 28 hasno appreciable effect at the point X ofthe electromagnet. vFor facilityin considering the matter, the fluX Vdue to current of' the ice phaseoi-c in the coil 28, has itspath designated (Av-(D28 andthe flux dueto-current of the phase A-C in thewinding 29 has its path designated(A()2. lt will be apparent that the normal paths ofthe fluxes `due tocurrent of the phase a-b in the` winding 28,`designated as lll-B, andfluir dueto current of the phase b-c inthe winding 29, designated'asB`-C, is through the entire body portion `of the core ,2o and the twopolar portions of the armature 26. Con sidering the two .fluxes (iA-(D28and the phase 4l- 0, it must be remembered that, while they are due tocurrent of the phase zi-' c, nevertheless, due to the fact that the coil28 is wound oppositely .tothe coil 29 and laterally displaced therefrom,these two windingsr produce fluxes of similar polarity at a point in thecore between the adjacent ends of the coils 28 and 29, thus causing theformation of separate-flux paths. The flux (Ai-40) has its normal pathacross the air gap containing the point X, and this flux is active toproduce `an effective pull upon the armature;` while the flux (iii-CYScan produce 'no` appreciable effect upon the armature.

The effective pull at the pointX is the` resultant of the three fluxesA-B, EMC, and (Ai-"CD29, these three fluxes being- GO degrees apart, asindicated in Fig. 7. Under normal conditions with phase connections asindicated in Fig. i2, the armature 2G is held in attracted position aslong as the voltage on the circuit remains normal,

or above a certain minimum value, the pull. on the armature 26 being`proportionate to the 'potential across the terminals or the windings andhaving a definite effective value 'for ant7 definite voltage. It will beapparent that when this voltage is reduced below a certain minimumvalue, the resultant flux is insul'licient to hold. the armature 26 inattracted position, and the lat-ter drops away and actuates the latch L,causing the controller C to move to circuit-open posiA tion.

It', for any reason, as through accident on the part oi" a repair man,the connections between a pair of the conductors of the circuit e, b, eand the leads ai, y, e, and conseol'uentli7 the leads ot the energizingcoils 29 are reversed, the motor tends to operate in a reversedirect-ion, and there is a change in the normal. current or fluxrelations .in the electromagnet E.

lt may be assumed that the circuit connect-ions Yfrom the conductors eand Z) are reversed, as indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 4. The resultof such reversal oil the circuit connections on the flux produced in thecore Q5 ot the magnet, say at the point X, b v the energizing windings9,8, Q9 ina-g,y be noted `lroin the diagrammatic showin if ot' Fig. 8.It will be apparent that the flux produced by the current due to thepotential drop across conductors a and Z; becomes iux B-A, and is,therefore, reversed and shifted 180. Flux B-C becomes 'linx Af-C andvis, therefore, shifted 1.200, and l'lux --C becomes flux Bm@ and isthirefore' shifted 1200. As before, the linx (A--C)2S has ne eltlect atthe point X at the air gap. The result obtained when one phase .isreversed is, therefore, that lthe llux. duc to this phase is shifted1800, and the :l'lux due to each oli the other two phases is shi'lted'1.200, that is, each o'll the two latter :fluxes mercif,T changepositions. lit all three. fluxes are considered to have the same maximumvalue, the net result obtained at the point X, so far as externalinfluence is con cerned, is that one flux is shifted 1800, iter the tivoremaining 'fluxes simply change positions, giving` a resultant eiiective:tlux at the air gap ol? substantiall7 zero.

liVhile the diagrammatic showing of' lil ig. T assumes that the 'linxAMB is reversed from its normal position with respect to the ilux Bw l,nevertheless, it is just as correct to assume that the iiux B-C isreversed from its normal position with respect to the iiux AWF), and aillux diagram wherein both -vl'luxn es B-C and A-B are positioned 18()degrees trom that shown in Fig. i' is represen tative oi the normal fluxconfflition at the point )I of the electromagnet. Ylvl/'ith thisassumption, it will be ap'ifiarcnt that there are still three fluxes (50degrees apart at the point l oit the electromagnet.

New assume that the connections between the conductors ot' the supplycircuit o, l), c and the terminals of the motor and, consequently, theenergizing windings 28, 25) oi the electromagnet, are reversed in themaner indicated in Fig. 5, wherein the connections troni the conductorsand c are reversed. Then, considering the diagram o'l Fig. i', it willbe apparent that flux B-J is reversed from the normal condition assumedand, therefore, reversed or shifted 1800. its described before, theother two iluxes, A B and (Ar-CP2 are shifted 120. As in the case or thephase reversal indicated in Fig. 4j, one linx .is shilited 180o and theother two fluxes merely change positions, giving;l a resultant eiicctiveVflux it the air gap or subanti a ll y zero.

it the coniuctions between the coiuluctors oil the supply circuit c, I),c and teri'uinals of the motor and, consequently, the ufinzlingrs Q8,are such as are indicated in Fig. (5

wherein the connections from the conductors lll.

portion oi" the ilu); ri-C that is ellfective at and the the air gap, is."versed or shifted 1800, the resultant e"A ct is the saine when leads(.3 and e were reversed., as above de scribed. .es before, the netresult of the changge in circuit connections indicated in Fig. i3 isthat the linx due to one phase is reveted or shifted 1800, and thefluxes due to the other two 'phases may be ctmsidered as merelyYchanging positions, ,f i'iviiiigil a resultant ellA :tive llux and pullat the air gap of minimum value.

lt will be apparent that with the connections between anyY pair oliconductiiirs ot the suppl)r circuit and the motor ttn'niinals, or

l oil lll) the terminals oi vthe windings Siti, 2f) reversed. i I' theflux produced in the core 25 olf the electioniarnet, that is, at the airgap between the core proper and the arn'iatui becomes et minimum value,aud the armature is thus permitted to drop avay.

ris stated above, the construction and design oi.E the electromagneticdevice E, as to electrical and magnetic features, is such as to utilizethis diii'erence between. the resultant fluxes occurring when theconnections between the energizing windings 25, 2) aud the supplyYcircuit are normal and when one pair oi connections are reversed. isdiszloscd, the armature 2G is held in attracted position while thevoltage on the motor windings and the winnings 28, 29, is normal,

or above a certain minimum value, and the armature is released, causingactuation of` the vcontroller C to circuit-open position, ivhen thevoltage drops below acertain minimum value or there is a reversal of oneof the phases et the polyphase energy supplied to the motor and themagnet windings 28, 29. It Will be apparent that there is provided asingle unitary devicev Which not only acts as a 'low-vol age relay oroperating device, .but

is also capable ot securing the desired op-v eration on tl-ic`occurrence iol? reversal of any phase ot' the circuit. It'will beobserved that one ot the. n :features which makes for "extremesimplicity in vthe described device ior attaining the foregoing resultsis that a fixed effective flux-path is rutilized as distinguishedfromcertain prior art devices dependingfor operation on the rot-ation korshittingI of a magnetic iuX thus involving a nonlined pathnIn this fixedflux-path Aa substantially uni-directional re'-. sultant ot thepolyphase fluxes is produced bv a vectorial *addition thereof, asbasalready been pointed out. i

"While the electromagnetic operating de-` vice or relayis shown anddescribed as actuating' a latch to permit or cause the return of' thecontrolling device to"ol"7y position,

this Ais to be considered merely as illustrative of one use, v'for itWll be obvious that the de vice may have other uses, such, for instance,n

as causing the completion or'rupturevof `a relay tripping circuit foracircuitbrealzer or controller, or, in fact,to accomplish any desiredoperation.

Illhile the above explanation as to the elec'- tromagnetic effectspresent in the operation of the device may not be the mostr nearlycorrect one, nevertheless, it has been' demon-r strated that a Adeviceconstructed lin accordance With'this invention is possessed of novel anddesirable characteristics.

It should be understood that it is not de-` `sired that the inventionclaimed be limited to the exactdetails of construction shown anddescribed ttor obvious modifications Will `occur to a person skilled inthe art.

a vectorial addition in substantially a single direction of `polyphaseeffects proportional to the line voltages of said polyphaseV circuit. iy

2. In a controlling device for polyphase electric circuits a movablecontrolling element, and means ior causing actuation `of saidcontrolling element when the phase relations are different than apredetermined relation, or when the voltage drops to a predeterminedvalue, said means including `energizing means producing a dus;substanenergizing means 'forse-id core elements pro! ducing a linxsubstantially proportional to a uni-directional resultant of thepolyphase potentials.

4,. In a lcontrolling device for polyphase electric circuits,controlling means, means for rendering said controlling means eliecltive to exercise its controlling functionl in 'response to a relation ofphases other than a# predetermined relation of phases cryin response toa dropm voltage to a predetermined value, said ineansincludingenerkgizing means producing "a predetermined ellective quantityof flux 'with al predetermined relation ot phases and a less quantitywith another relation of phases. i

5. In a" controlling device for polyphase electric circuits, controllingmeans, means 'for rendering said controlling means effect ive toexercise its controlling function, said means' including energizingmeans producing a predetermined effective quantity of flux with -apredetermined normal relation of phases and a less quantity With anotherrelation -oif phases.` i Y 1 G. In a controlling device for polyphaseelectric circuits, a controlling element, and means tor causingactuation oijsaid controlling element When the phase relations arediil'erent than a predetermined relation, or when the voltage dropsbelow a predetermined value cr is unbalanced to a predetermined extent,said means including energizing means having a lined flux path.

7. In a controlling device for 'polyphase electric circuits, acontrolling element, and means for causing actuation otsaid controllingelenient .When they phase relations are ditferent than a predeterminedrelation, said means including energizing means `having a fixed fluxpath and an appreciable constant effective normal flu; 'through' saidpath.

8.` In a controlling device *for polyphase electric circuits, acontrollingelement, and

lmeans torcausing actuation'ot'said controlling element, said meansincludinga mag-v netic circuit hav-ing a Jstationaryportion, a movablemember for coactingwith said staiio ticnary portioin said movable memberbeing normally held in a raised position by said stationaryportion andcapable ol" delivering a hammer blow when .rch iseil, and means forencihzing .said stationary Vpmtiiin inclndinov a plln'ality oil'windings each adapted to be connected :ii-riss a dillcrcnt phase olf'said polyphasc circuit.

ln a controlling-i' device Vtor poll-Jphase electric circi'z. "1, aig'fintrollinp' element, and means 'tor causing :ui'tnatioii olj saidcontrol-- line' elem uit, s: d means including a notie circuit haring; arationary a movable member tor c cv statici 'y portion, said n'ioi'ablebeing i rinally held in a raised b v said stationarj7 portion anddeliverins;l a hammer blo i' and means :tor energizing saidst:'tio'\\r"i portion including' a plurality of n each ai'lapted to betraversed by current different )haseb l0. In combination with apolyphase eircuit, a circuit-controlling device for said circuit, andmeans 'for causing actuation ot said circuit-controlling device on theoccurrence oft low voltage on said circuit or the reversal ot one oitthe phases of said circuit, said operating means comprising' anelectromagnet having a core and polyphase energizing' windings therefor,and an armature biased a y'ay l'rom said core and movable intoengagement with a polar portion thereoli, said windings being effectiveto energize said core and armature to an extent suilicient to held saidarmature in attracted position without apprecia-bly exceeding saturation et the magnetic circuit oit said electromagnet during conditions otnormal voltage and phase relation and being inei'l'ective to hold saidarmature in attracted position when the voltage is below a certain valueor one oit the phases of said circuit is reversed.

11. In combination, a controlling element and anelectromagnetically-operated device 'for causing actuation of saidcontrolling element and comprising an armature cooperative with a polarportion oi' said core and biased away from attracted position relativete said pelar portion oi the core, a plurality of winding; sectionsenergized by currents oft dillierent phase associated with said corewhereby a resultant flux is produced in said core which is dependent invalue upon. the ampere turns of said winding1 and the relation betweenthe phases oit current supplied to said winding;r sections, saidarmature being held in attracted position' relatively to said coreagainst movement due to its bias while the voltage and phase relationsof the energizing circuit are normal and movable away from said core onthe occurrence of low voltage or `the reversal of one phase of mei aber`raid circuit to cause actuation ot said controlling; element.

152. ln a controlling apparatus tor polyphase electric circuits, anelcctromagnct comprisin,Y a core and a movable armature cooperativetherewith, and windings energized with currents o't dillerent phase, theresultant llux in said core due to said windings being' su'liieient toretain said armature in inoperative position under conditions o'l normalvoltage and phase relations and being insuilicient to retain saidarmature in inoperative position when the voltage drops below a certainvalue or one lphase oi' the circuit is reversed., and acircuit-controlling device actuated by said armature on movement thereof:from said inoperative position.

ln a controlling device for polyphase circuits, a controlling element,and means for causing actuation of said controlling element when thephase relations are other than of a predetermined character, saidactuating means including energizing means comprising a normallyenergized core and two energizing coils therefor connected in open-deltato the circuit to be controlled and disposed side by side on said core.

14. ln a controlling device :for polyphase circuits., a controlling'element, and means Ylor causing actuation oit said controlling' elementwhen the phase relations are other than of a predetermined character orwhen the voltage drops below a predetermined value, said actuatingrmeans including an energizing' means comprising' a core, and twoenergizing' coils therefor connected in open-delta to the circuit to becontrolled and disposed side by side on said core.

15. ln a controlling; device 'tor polyphase circuits, a controlling'element, and means for causing actuation of said controlling elementwhen the phase relations are other than off a predetermined character orwhen the voltage drops below a predetermined value o1' unbalanced to apredetermined extent, said actuating' means including an energizing'means comprising a core, and two energizing' coils therefore connectedin `open-delta to the circuit to be controlled and disposed side by sideon said core.

lr6. ln a controlling device for polyphase circuits, a controlling'element, and means for causing' actuation ol' said controlling elementwhen the phase relations are other than oit a predetermined character,said means including' an energizing means comprising a core, and twoenergizing coils therefor differentially connected in opendelta to thecircuit to be controlled and disposed side by side on said core.

17. In a controlling device for polyphase circuits, a controlling'element, and means for causing actuation oi said controlling elementwhen the phase relations are other than of a predetermined character orwhen the voltage drops below a predetermined value, said means includingan energizing means comprising a core, and two energizing coils therefordifferentially connected in open-delta to the lcircuit to be controlledand disposed side by side on said core.

18. ln a controlling device for vpolyphase circuits, a controllingelement, and means for causing actuation of said controlling elementwhen the phase relations are other than of a predetermined character orwhen the voltage drops below a predetermined value or is unbalanced to apredetermined extent, said means including an energizing meanscomprising a core, and two energizing coils therefor differentiallyconnected in open-delta to the circuit to be controlled and disposedside by side on said core.`

19. ln a controlling device for polyphase electric circuits, acontrolling element, and

`means causing actuation of said controllino b t3 element when the phaserelations are different than a predetermined relation7 said gizing meanshaving windings connected to i said polyphase circuit.`

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is afiXed hereto. i

p i EDWARD I. DEUTSOl-Ly Certiieate of Correction..

1t is hereby Certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,425,755, grantedAugust 15,

1922, upon the application of Edward I. Deutsch, of Milwaukee,Wisconsin, Jfor an improvement in Polyphase Controlling Devices;7 anerror appears in the printed specification requiring Correction asfollows: Page 5, line 123, Claim 7,

strike out the word constant, and that the said Letters Patent should heread with this Correction therein that the same may conform to therecord of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of September, A. D., 1922.

[SEAL] wM. A. KINNAN,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Certicate of Correction.

lt is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,425,755, grantedAugust 15,

1922, upon the application of Edward I. Deutsch, of Milwaukee,Wisconsin, for

an improvement in Polyphase Controlling Devices, an error appears in theprinted specification requiring correction as follows: Page 5, line 123,claim 7 strike out the word constant and that the said Letters Patentshould be read with this correction therein that the same may conform tothe record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th clay of September, A. D., 1922.

[SEAL] wM. A. K1NNAN,

Acting Oommftssz'onw of Patents.

